RADIOISOTOPES

Online ISSN: 1884-4111 Print ISSN: 0033-8303
RADIOISOTOPESは日本アイソトープ協会が発行する学術論文誌です
Radioisotopes 66(11): 537-541 (2017)
doi:10.3769/radioisotopes.66.537

特集Special Issues

18 固体と水との界面での放射線化学18 Radiation Chemistry at Solid/Water Interfaces

国立研究開発法人日本原子力研究開発機構Japan Atomic Energy Agency ◇ 319–1195 茨城県那珂郡東海村大字白方2–4 ◇ 2–4 Shirane Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki Pref. 319–1195, Japan

発行日:2017年11月15日Published: November 15, 2017
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固体と水との混合物に対する放射線効果は,シリカ等の無機酸化物を対象に研究が進められてきた。界面でのエネルギー/電荷移動が多くの実験で確認され,初期過程において有意な影響を持つことが示された。しかし,後続の界面反応は課題として残されている。ここではゼオライト,ウラン酸化物を例に挙げるが,この課題は基礎と応用との隔たりとなっている。固液界面での放射線化学が有意義な知見として結実するには,この乖離を克服するためさらなる研究が必要である。

Radiation effects on the mixtures of inorganic oxides and water have been investigated for understanding radiation chemistry in solid–liquid systems. A number of studies revealed that energy deposition on solid phase stimulates reactions at the interface. This energy/charge transfer has been demonstrated by experiments to affect early stage of the radiolysis. However, the interfacial reactions subsequent to the energy/charge transfer require further studies. Here, we will see gaps between the basic understanding on the early stage and radiation effects connected to applications, taking zeolite/water and uranium oxide/water interfaces for examples. In the zeolite/water mixtures, the amount of hydrogen production is generally higher than that expected from the water content in the mixtures. The increases in hydrogen are interpreted by the concept of energy/charge transfer, but not quantitatively explained. The interfacial reactions on uranium oxides have an impact on the corrosion of nuclear fuel in contact with water, especially at the grain boundaries. However, the reactions are still unknown except for hydrogen peroxide and oxygen. Understanding of the interfacial reactions subsequent to the energy/charge transfer would bridge these gaps and enable to predict the radiation effects in applications.

Key words: solid/liquid interface; energy/charge transfer; water; zeolite; uranium oxide

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